Kanda 17

The Syamantaka jewel

A jewel went missing, a man died, and the finger pointed at Krishna

What shines also draws suspicion

In Dwarka a Yadava named Satrajit had a remarkable jewel — the Syamantaka, given to him by Suryadeva himself. It was said to produce eight measures of gold each day and to protect the place where it was kept from famine, disease and misfortune.

Krishna advised Satrajit — "A jewel this great should not belong to one house. Put it in the royal treasury, so the whole kingdom benefits from it."

Satrajit refused, and kept the jewel in the shrine of his own house. People in Dwarka began to whisper: "See? Krishna wants the jewel for himself."

One piece of news did not come back from the forest

One morning Satrajit's brother Prasena rode out hunting on horseback, wearing that jewel round his neck. The day ended; he did not return.

By evening a crowd had gathered at Satrajit's door, and Satrajit was already naming a culprit. "Krishna wanted the jewel. I refused him over the treasury, and today my brother is gone. He must have had him killed, for the jewel."

The accusation spread quickly. Nobody asked for proof — the accusation was enough in itself. In the lanes of Dwarka Krishna's name began to be spoken like that of a thief and a killer.

The tracks found in the forest

Krishna decided to investigate the disappearance himself — not with accusations, but by following the evidence.

In the forest he picked up the hoofprints of Prasena's horse. At one place the horse and Prasena both lay dead — and from there, in place of a man's footsteps, a lion's pawprints led away.

He followed those pawprints. A little further the lion too lay dead — something else, something larger, had torn it open. And from that same place, the tracks of a much larger creature, straight towards a dark hill cave.

In the dark, for many days

Inside the cave, in a cradle, a small child was playing with the Syamantaka jewel — Jambavan's baby son, and a nurse had placed the shining stone in his hands to keep him occupied. Krishna stepped forward and asked for it, and the nurse screamed.

Out of the dark came a huge figure, roaring — Jambavan, king of the bears, the same who had once come to Rama's army to help build the bridge and fight. He did not recognise who was before him. "Who has come into my cave to lay a hand on this jewel!"

The fight began — fists thundered in the darkness and echoes rolled through the cave as the struggle went on day after day. On the twenty-eighth day the exhausted Jambavan stopped, and in the dark a recognition flashed in his eyes — this strength, this light, this is the one he had served in the Treta age. Jambavan lowered his weapons, and he bowed with folded hands.

Two marriages, and one man cleared

Jambavan returned the jewel, and with it gave the hand of his daughter Jambavati to Krishna.

Krishna returned to Dwarka and in the full assembly set the jewel before Satrajit — "Here is your answer. Your brother was killed by a lion, the lion by Jambavan. I have not come to take the jewel, but to tell you the truth."

Satrajit was overcome with shame. He apologised, and by way of amends wanted to give Krishna both the jewel and his daughter Satyabhama. Krishna accepted Satyabhama and returned the jewel. The story that had begun with a false accusation ended with two marriages.

Note: The whole story of the Syamantaka jewel is found in both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana. The two texts disagree on one point — the Vishnu Purana puts the search and the fight at twenty-one days, the Bhagavata Purana at twenty-seven or twenty-eight. No one number has been declared correct here; both are recorded.

Source: from several texts, The Syamantaka jewel

Now — how much stayed with you?

Fact

Who gave the Syamantaka jewel, and to whom?

  • Kamsa to Satrajit
  • Suryadeva to Satrajit
  • Indra to Krishna
  • Brahma to Jambavan
Read the whole story — A jewel that turned out like a curse

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana have the detail that Suryadeva, pleased with Satrajit, gave him the Syamantaka jewel.

The jewel was so brilliant that the first time Satrajit came to Dwarka wearing it, people took him for Suryadeva himself.

But this boon soon became trouble — Satrajit kept it rather than putting it in the treasury, and the whole tangle starts right there.

Who am I?

Krishna was accused of stealing me and of killing my brother, when in fact somebody else had done both. What am I?

  • The Syamantaka jewel
  • Shiva's bow
  • The Kohinoor
  • The Kaustubha jewel
Read the whole story — One brilliance, two accusations

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana say that Satrajit's brother Prasena was in fact killed by a lion, not out of any greed for the jewel.

But Satrajit laid the charge on Krishna without any investigation — murder for the sake of the jewel — and it spread through the city without a shred of proof.

Very few people today know that Krishna was publicly accused of both theft and murder — which is the most startling side of this story.

What happened?

What actually happened to Prasena in the forest?

  • A lion killed him, and Jambavan took the jewel from the lion
  • Krishna killed him
  • He lost his way and disappeared
  • He ran off with the jewel
Read the whole story — A truth Krishna found himself

According to the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana, Krishna went into the forest himself to clear the charge and searched out Prasena's footprints.

At one point the prints turned into a lion's pawprints, and then came the signs of the lion's own death — Jambavan had killed the lion and taken the jewel.

The investigation itself shows that Krishna took the accusation not as a challenge but as a puzzle to be solved — evidence first, defence afterwards.

Who am I?

I fought Krishna for many days in a cave, then recognised that standing before me was the same Rama I had served in the Ramayana. Who am I?

  • Sugriva
  • Hanuman
  • Jambavan
  • Vali
Read the whole story — An old servant, a new form

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana identify Jambavan as the same bear-king of the Ramayana, who helped build the bridge and fought in Rama's army.

In the cave he did not recognise Krishna, so he fought — he thought some ordinary man had come to lay a hand on his daughter.

When after many days his strength began to fail, he realised that before him stood the same avatar of Vishnu he had served before — his fists opened, and silence fell in the cave.

The texts disagree

What is the difference between the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana over the time taken by the fight with Jambavan and the search for the jewel?

  • Neither text mentions the time at all
  • The Vishnu Purana says 21 days, the Bhagavata Purana 27–28 days
  • The Vishnu Purana says 7 days, the Bhagavata 14
  • Both give the same number
Read the whole story — When texts disagree over counting

According to the Vishnu Purana, Krishna's fight with Jambavan and the whole search for the jewel ran for twenty-one days.

The Bhagavata Purana puts the same event at twenty-seven or twenty-eight days.

This is a precise example of this site's "the texts disagree" category — no one number has been declared correct; both are given, because both texts are held to be authoritative.

Fact

While he was away, with Krishna not back after so many days, what came to be believed in Mathura and Dwarka?

  • That Krishna had run off with the jewel
  • That Krishna had been killed by Jambavan
  • That Krishna had forgiven Satrajit
  • That the fight had never happened at all
Read the whole story — A rumour of death, a living return

According to the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana, when more than three weeks passed with no news of Krishna, mourning began in Dwarka.

Balarama and the Yadavas had concluded that Krishna had been killed by Jambavan, because the stories of Jambavan's strength were famous.

When Krishna returned with the jewel and a new bride, Jambavati, that mourning turned directly into celebration — and it is this dramatic turn that makes the story worth remembering.

Fact

After losing the fight, what did Jambavan do besides returning the jewel?

  • He destroyed the jewel
  • He thanked Krishna and sent him on his way
  • He married his daughter Jambavati to Krishna
  • He handed Krishna his entire kingdom
Read the whole story — A fight that turned into a marriage

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana have the detail that Jambavan, admitting defeat, returned not only the jewel but also gave Krishna his daughter Jambavati.

Jambavati went on to be counted among Krishna's principal wives, and lived in Dwarka with the other queens.

This turn keeps the story from being only a story of justice — it also becomes the beginning of a new relation.

What happened?

When Krishna returned to Mathura and set the jewel before Satrajit, what did Satrajit do?

  • Ashamed, he gave the jewel back and married his daughter Satyabhama to Krishna
  • He banished him from the kingdom
  • He blamed Krishna again
  • He took the jewel back and stayed silent
Read the whole story — From an accusation to a family tie

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana say that Satrajit regretted his haste deeply.

By way of apology he first tried to give the jewel to Krishna, and when Krishna refused, married his daughter Satyabhama to him.

In this way the story that began with a false accusation ended in two marriages — Jambavati and Satyabhama.

Who am I?

I was the Yadava who kept the jewel he received from Suryadeva in his own house rather than the treasury. That one decision became trouble for me and my family. Who am I?

  • Akrura
  • Satrajit
  • Ugrasena
  • Jambavan
Read the whole story — A jewel that became a burden

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana say Satrajit was advised that so powerful a jewel should be handed to King Ugrasena, so that the whole kingdom might benefit from it.

Satrajit refused and kept the jewel — and that decision led on to his brother's death, the accusation against Krishna, and finally to his own daughter's marriage.

The story shows greed and its consequences plainly here, without making anyone straightforwardly a villain.

Why is that?

This story is still held to be interesting, particularly for one reason. What is it?

  • Because someone as revered as Krishna is publicly accused of theft and murder, and he clears it not by force but by investigation
  • Because there is no demon in it
  • Because there is no fight in it
  • Because this story is only about women
Read the whole story — An accusation that gets forgotten

Among the popular Krishna stories this episode is not repeated as often as the butter-stealing or Govardhan — perhaps because in it Krishna is in the role of the accused before he is the hero.

Both the Vishnu Purana and the Bhagavata Purana record it at length — Krishna solves the challenge not with strength but by finding evidence.

That is what sets it apart from the other stories — here the investigation comes before the miracle.